美国 窗口期
Window periodAntibody tests may give false negative (no antibodies were detected despite HIV being present) results during the window period, an interval of three weeks to six months between the time of HIV infection and the production of measurable antibodies to HIV seroconversion. Most people develop detectable antibodies approximately 30 days after infection, although some seroconvert later. The vast majority of people (99%) have detectable antibodies by three months after HIV infection; a six-month window is extremely rare with modern antibody testing. During the window period, an infected person can transmit HIV to others although their HIV infection may not be detectable with an antibody test. Antiretroviral therapy during the window period can delay the formation of antibodies and extend the window period beyond 12 months. This was not the case with patients that underwent treatment with post exposure prophylaxis (PEP). Those patients must take ELISA tests at various intervals after the usual 28 day course of treatment, sometimes extending outside of the conservative window period of 6 months. Antibody tests may also yield false negative results in patients with X-linked agammaglobulinemia; other diagnostic tests should be used in such patients.
Three instances of delayed HIV seroconversion occurring in health-care workers have been reported; in these instances, the health-care workers tested negative for HIV antibodies greater than 6 months postexposure but were seropositive within 12 months after the exposure. DNA sequencing confirmed the source of infection in one instance. Two of the delayed seroconversions were associated with simultaneous exposure to hepatitis C virus (HCV). In one case, co-infection was associated with a rapidly fatal HCV disease course; however, it is not known whether HCV directly influences the risk for or course of HIV infection or is a marker for other exposure-related factors.
窗口期
抗体检测可能给人错误的负面(没有抗体检测结果,尽管人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)出现在窗口期,间隔三个星期到六个月的时间之间的HIV感染和生产的适度的抗体HIV血清转化率。大多数人可以感染的抗体大约30天之后,虽然有些seroconvert之后。绝大多数的人(99%)由三个月后抗体检测HIV感染,六个月的窗户是极为罕见的和现代的抗体检测。在窗口期,感染艾滋病的传播给他人的人可以,尽管它们的HIV感染可能不会有抗体检测试验。抗逆转录病毒疗法在窗口期能延缓形成抗体和扩展窗口期超出12个月。不是这种情况,接受治疗的患者与曝光预防(PEP)。这些病人必须采取ELISA法测试后,通常在不同区间28天疗程中,有时会延长以外的保守的空窗期6个月。抗体可能也会产生错误的负面结果患者在诊断测试agammaglobulinemia x;其他应使用这样的患者。
三个实例的延迟HIV血清转化率发生在医疗保健工作者已经报道;在这些情况下,医护人员中对艾滋病病毒抗体的6个月以上postexposure而被称作血清呈阳性者接触后的12个月之内。的DNA序列证实感染源的一个实例。三分之二的女性推迟与同步暴露于丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)。在一个案例中,1个共同传染和迅速致命疾病过程丙型肝炎,然而它却不知道丙型肝炎病毒会直接影响风险或艾滋病病毒感染的进程,或者是一种标记为其他exposure-related因素。 What are HIV symptoms? What are the symptoms of HIV? This is the question I get more than any other. But because many people who have been infected with HIV have few or no HIV symptoms, HIV testing is the only way to know for sure if you are infected. There are, however, an assortment of HIV symptoms that can be associated with a new HIV infection.
Symptoms Early After Infection - Acute HIV - In emergency departments and family practice offices, people come in with symptoms like fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, sore throat, rash and diarrhea. In response to these symptoms, physicians diagnose the flu and send the patient on their way. In the majority of cases, their diagnosis proves correct. But unfortunately, a number of people with these vague, indistinct symptoms have a more serious illness than the flu; these symptoms may signal the acute stages of HIV infection.
Acute HIV - Recognize the Symptoms
Symptoms of the Immune System - The immune system is the body's natural defense against invading foreign agents such as viruses and bacteria. HIV attacks the immune system, weakening it and making the body more susceptible to infection. After infection, some symptoms affect the immune system.
Swollen lymph nodes in the neck, axilla, or groin (lymphadenopathy)
Fever / night sweats
Symptoms of the GI Tract - HIV can have a profound affect on the gastrointestinal system and nutrition. Like any virus, HIV can cause symptoms ranging from poor appetite to diarrhea. Here are some of the most common:
Rapid weight loss
Diarrhea
Poor appetite
Profound fatigue
Respiratory Symptoms - Some of the most serious symptoms of HIV involve the respiratory system. Symptoms associated with breathing and respiration usually occur later in course of the disease. Unfortunately, many people's first symptom of HIV involves the respiratory system, illustrating why HIV testing is so important. Any cough or shortness of breath could be a sign of bacterial pneumonia or pneumocystis (carinii) jiroveci pneumonia (PCP).
Shortness of breath
Dry cough / productive cough
Symptoms of the Skin and Mucous Membranes - Many of the symptoms of HIV are a result of infection by other viruses, fungi or bacteria. Often, these infections involve the skin or mucous membranes (for example, inside the mouth).
HIV Effects on Dental Health
Skin rash
Red, brown, pink or purple lesion on the skin - suggestive of Kaposi's sarcoma
White patches on the tounge, inside of the mouth, or gums - could be signs of thrush, candida, or hairy oral leukoplakia
Canker sores / apthous ulcers
Neurological / Emotional Symptoms - Very early on in the epidemic, experts realized that HIV affected both the physical and emotional self. Neurological and emotional symptoms of HIV can include the following.
Depression
Numbness, tingling, or burning in the feet, hands, or face. (peripheral neuropathy)
Confusion, weakness, or changes in level of conciousness
Devote Each Monday To A Healthier You
Make every Monday the day you recommit to living your healthiest life. Sign up for our free Healthy Monday newsletter full of tips on reducing stress, eating right, getting into an exercise routine, and more. 本帖最后由 fff3 于 2010-8-2 16:53 编辑
艾滋病毒的症状是什么？什么是艾滋病毒的症状？这是我的问题得到比任何其他更。但是，因为谁也被艾滋病病毒感染很多人很少或根本没有症状，感染艾滋病毒，艾滋病病毒测试的唯一途径知道知道你是否感染。有，但是，一个艾滋病毒可以用一个新的艾滋病毒感染相关症状分类。
感染后的早期症状 - 急性感染艾滋病毒 - 在实践室和家庭办公室，人来如发烧症状，头痛，肌肉和关节疼痛，咽喉痛，皮疹和腹泻。针对这些症状，医生诊断流感和发送病人的途中。在大多数情况下，正确的诊断证明。但不幸的是，这些人与模糊，模糊的症状比感冒更严重的疾病，这些症状可能预示艾滋病毒感染的急性期的数量。
急性感染艾滋病毒 - 认识到症状
对免疫系统的症状 - 免疫系统是人体的危害，如病毒和入侵细菌的天然防御外国代理人。艾滋病毒攻击人体免疫系统，削弱它，使身体更容易受到感染。感染后，一些症状会影响人体的免疫系统。
在颈部，腋下，腹股沟或（淋巴结肿大淋巴结肿大）
发烧/盗汗
胃肠道的症状 - 艾滋病毒可以对胃肠系统和营养深刻的影响。像任何病毒，艾滋病毒可引起的症状包括食欲不振腹泻。以下是最常见的一些：
快速减肥
腹泻
食欲不振
深刻疲劳
呼吸系统症状 - 对艾滋病毒的最严重的症状，有些涉及到呼吸系统。呼吸和呼吸相关的症状通常出现在稍后病程。遗憾的是，很多人的艾滋病毒首先涉及呼吸系统症状，说明为什么艾滋病毒检测是非常重要的。任何咳嗽或呼吸短促可能是一种细菌性肺炎或肺号（卡氏肺囊虫）jiroveci肺炎（PCP）。
气短
干咳/生产性咳嗽
对皮肤和粘膜症状 - 对艾滋病毒的症状，许多是由其他病毒的感染，真菌或细菌的结果。通常，这些感染包括皮肤或粘膜（例如，口腔内）。
艾滋病毒对牙齿健康的影响
皮疹
红色，褐色，粉红色或紫色皮肤上的病变 - 卡波济氏肉瘤暗示
舌头上的白斑，口腔内，或牙龈出血 - 可能是鹅口疮，念珠菌，或毛状白斑的迹象
口腔溃疡/ apthous溃疡
神经/情绪症状 - 很早就在流行病，艾滋病毒影响的专家认识到，无论是身体和情绪的自我。神经和艾滋病毒的情绪症状包括以下内容。
萧条
麻木，刺痛，或燃烧的脚，手或脸。 （周围神经病）
混乱，虚弱，或意识水平的变化
每到一个更加健全奉献你星期一
艾滋病毒的症状是什么？什么是艾滋病毒的症状？这是我的问题得到比任何其他更。但是，因为谁也被艾滋病病毒感染很多人很少或根本没有症状，感染艾滋病毒，艾滋病病毒测试的唯一途径知道知道你是否感染。有，但是，一个艾滋病毒可以用一个新的艾滋病毒感染相关症状分类。 <br>感染后的早期症状 - 急性感染艾滋病毒 - 在实践室和家庭办公室，人来如发烧症状，头痛，肌肉和关节疼痛，咽喉痛，皮疹和腹泻。针对这些症状，医生诊断流感和发送病人的途中。在大多数情况下，正确的诊断证明。但不幸的是，这些人与模糊，模糊的症状比感冒更严重的疾病，这些症状可能预示艾滋病毒感染的急性期的数量。 <br> <br>急性感染艾滋病毒 - 认识到症状 <br>对免疫系统的症状 - 免疫系统是人体的危害，如病毒和入侵细菌的天然防御外国代理人。艾滋病毒攻击人体免疫系统，削弱它，使身体更容易受到感染。感染后，一些症状会影响人体的免疫系统。 <br> <br>在颈部，腋下，腹股沟或（淋巴结肿大淋巴结肿大） <br>发烧/盗汗 <br>胃肠道的症状 - 艾滋病毒可以对胃肠系统和营养深刻的影响。像任何病毒，艾滋病毒可引起的症状包括食欲不振腹泻。以下是最常见的一些： <br> <br>快速减肥 <br>腹泻 <br>食欲不振 <br>深刻疲劳 <br>呼吸系统症状 - 对艾滋病毒的最严重的症状，有些涉及到呼吸系统。呼吸和呼吸相关的症状通常出现在稍后病程。遗憾的是，很多人的艾滋病毒首先涉及呼吸系统症状，说明为什么艾滋病毒检测是非常重要的。任何咳嗽或呼吸短促可能是一种细菌性肺炎或肺号（卡氏肺囊虫）jiroveci肺炎（PCP）。 <br> <br>气短 <br>干咳/生产性咳嗽 <br>对皮肤和粘膜症状 - 对艾滋病毒的症状，许多是由其他病毒的感染，真菌或细菌的结果。通常，这些感染包括皮肤或粘膜（例如，口腔内）。 <br> <br>艾滋病毒对牙齿健康的影响 <br>皮疹 <br>红色，褐色，粉红色或紫色皮肤上的病变 - 卡波济氏肉瘤暗示 <br>舌头上的白斑，口腔内，或牙龈出血 - 可能是鹅口疮，念珠菌，或毛状白斑的迹象 <br>口腔溃疡/ apthous溃疡 <br>神经/情绪症状 - 很早就在流行病，艾滋病毒影响的专家认识到，无论是身体和情绪的自我。神经和艾滋病毒的情绪症状包括以下内容。 <br> <br>萧条 <br>麻木，刺痛，或燃烧的脚，手或脸。 （周围神经病） <br>混乱，虚弱，或意识水平的变化 <br>每到一个更加健全奉献你星期一 <br>让每星期一一天你再次承诺您的健康生活的生活。注册我们的免费健康星期一通讯关于减轻压力的技巧全面，健康的饮食，并获得例行的演习，等等。 你想说明什么 伙计 目的是什么 你用翻译软件弄上来的东西谁看得懂，联系整理下再发 目的是 美国 窗口期是三个月:victory: 以前 听别人都说美国是六个月排除97% 哪个网站上的，能代表美国官方的声音吗？ 什么时候的资料？
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